Conventional productivity measurement In a car manufacturing plant, productivity measurement is straightforward. One is a physical measure where the total number of cars made in a period of time is divided by the number of worker-hours spent in producing them. The other way is a monetary measure. It is the total dollar value of cars produced in a given period of time divided by the total number of worker-hours needed to assemble them. Economic productivity can fall together with decreasing demands and prices. At the macro-economic level, labor productivity (GDP per worker) depends on the corresponding dynamics of two factors: GDP and employment. In short, productivity rises if the GDP (gross domestic product) increases faster than employment. Thus, human resources personnel and corporate managements would always strive to set a mindset among employees and staff that would lead to attainment of targets and overall productivity. The most convenient and effective measure on how to start initiatives with the end result in mind is to initially formulate a working personal mission statement. ) that showed a positive impact on labor productivity. Profit-sharing In manufacturing plants with profit-sharing schemes for non-managerial workers, there was a 7% higher labor productivity shown compared with their competitors in the same field. Those with R & D (research and development) had an average 6% increase. By definition, the sum of growth of labor hours plus labor productivity growth is the output growth. (Higher labor productivity growth means higher output growth.) Longer time periods make this relationship clear. For instance, output growth slowed down in the 70s and 80s as labor productivity growth slowed down. People were worried that the cutbacks were just the beginning and that more layoffs were soon to follow. In an effort to keep their jobs, the people worked harder than before to at least put on a picture that they are worth keeping as employees. Negative motivations On the other hand, both of these motivating factors are unfortunately short-term situations.