The origin of the very first versions of the banjo is indefinite. In the Mideast, Far East and Africa, it was common to see strings stretched across drums made of animal hide. The first written citation of a banjo-like instrument is credited to Richard Jobson, an explorer. He mentioned it in the diaries or records of his journey in the Gambra River of Africa in the 1620. Metal snares surfaced in the 20th century. In the book entitled The Art of Snare drumming by Sanford Moeller, it is said that studying military drumming is needed to be familiar with the nature of the snare drum because its true character is as a military instrument. This is called Moeller Method of drumming. They deeply listen to animal sounds such as twittering, flapping of wings, growling, or feet thumping. They will also observe for sounds of trees, water, thunder, and wind. The didgeridoo is meant to encompass and play with the essences of all these natural sounds with much precision as could be. Observing nature needs empathy which is the source of derivative expression according to the Aborigine. It was very popular until the 1850 s and was played in compositions by a bandmaster of West Point s the United States Military Academy Band, Richard Willis. Uses of the bugle Bugles are used for bugle calls which indicate the start of camp daily routines. These were also for assembling leaders and for announcing marching commands in camp. It also has the same construction and appearance as an electric guitar but it has a longer neck, a larger body, and a longer scale length. The bass guitar could be fretless or fretted but fretted basses are more commonly used. It could either be acoustic bass or electric bass. History The first electric string bass that is also similar to the modern bass was invented by Paul Tutmarc of Washington around 1930. It is also referred to as mandole and has a scale length of approximately 20 inches. The sopranino or piccolo mandolin is pitched an fourth of an octave higher than the mandolin. Mandolin styles There are six mandolin styles the Neapolitan bowlback, a-style flatback, f-style flatback, Maccaferi style flatback, solid body electric, and electro-acoustic mandolins.