A hard, white metal, ruthenium is known to have four crystal modifications. While it does not tarnish under normal temperature, it does oxidize readily when exposed to air. It can be plated by means of two methods: thermal decomposition and electrodeposition. Following is a list of some of the properties of ruthenium: General: Chemical Symbol: Ru Atomic Number: 44 Category (as an element): Transition Metal Group/ Period/ Block (in the Periodic Table): 8/ 5/ d Atomic Weight: 101.07 g. cm-3 Melting Point: 961.78 C, 1234.93 F, 2041.4 K Boiling Point: 2162 C, 3924 F, 2435 K Heat of Fusion: 11.28 kJ.mol-1 Heat of Vaporization: 250.58 kJ.mol-1 Atomic: Oxidation States: 1, 2, 3 Electronegativity: 1.93 (Pauling scale) Atomic Radius: 144 picometre Covalent Radius: 145 5 picometre Van der Waals Radius: 172 picometre Ionization Energies: 731 kJ. coin - With a face value of USD25, 7.78 g in weight, 1.32 mm thick, and 22 mm in diameter. 3. 1/2 oz. coin - With a face value of USD50, 15.56 g in weight, 1.75 mm thick, and 27 mm in diameter. 4. 1 oz. coin - With a face value of USD100, 31.12 g in weight, 2.39 mm thick, and 32.7 mm in diameter. All coin varieties consist of 0.9995 fine platinum. Gold coins may be bought or sold over the counter in most Swiss banks. Buying gold bars: This is the most traditional way of investing in gold. As in gold bullion coins, bullion gold bars can be bought or sold over the counter in most Swiss banks, as well as in major banks in Liechtenstein and Austria. Osmium - VIIIb/6; Os + 4 H2O -> OsO4 + 8 H+ + 8 e-; 0.838 V 6. Iridium - VIIIb/6; Ir -> Ir3+ + 3 e-; 1.156 V 7. Platinum - VIIIb/6; Pt -> Pt2+ + 2 e-; 1.18 V 8. Gold - Ib/6; Au -> Au3+ + 3 e-; 1.498 V The second item appearing after the name of the metal (the three items are separated by semi-colons) represents the metal's reaction in water. Often because of this, it is mistaken for silver. Its other physical characteristics include its being malleable, ductile, and dense. But while platinum is generally resistant to corrosion, it is corroded by certain elements, such as cyanides (potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide), caustic alkalis, sulfur, and any of the five halogens (astatine, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, and iodine).
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